GUIZHOU PROVINCE
General Background
Guizhou
- abbreviated as Qian or Gui - is situated in the mountainous part of
the Yunnan- Guizhou Plateau in Southwest China. The province has an average altitude of
1,000 m above sea level. Mountainous
land constitutes 87% of the total area. Guizhou
has sub-tropical climate with average temperature of 25 in July and
5 in January. The province
is very humid with relatively humidity above 70% throughout the year.
The population of ethnic minorities
accounts for 40% of the total.
Major groups include Miao, Buyei, Dong, Tujia and Yi.
The provincial capital is Guiyang.
Guiyang
was approved by the State Council as an inland open city, enjoying the
same preferential policies as in the coastal open cities and the provincial-level
jurisdiction of economic management.
Guizhou
has rich mineral resources. Out
of its 120 kinds of minerals, 21 of them ranked among the top three
in the nation. Its reserve of coal is the highest among southern Chinese
provinces.
With significant improvement
in irrigation and terrace-farming, Guizhou
has a strong agriculture sector.
The province is one of the main producers of tobacco and its
output ranked the second in the country.
Tea products and some exotic fruits such as starfruit are famous
both at home and abroad. Guizhou
also has large varieties of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs.
Infrastructure
Railways ⌒ With Guiyang as the hub, four
main railway lines link Guizhou with Guangxi, Sichuan, Kunming and Hunan.
Nankun railwayNanning-Kunmingstarted operation in 1997 while
the provincial railway, Shuibo railwayShuicheng-Boguois under construction.
The construction of the Yuhuai
railway, which is one of the landmark projects in the Great Western
Development Strategy, has already begun. Itˇs expected to be complete
by 2006. This railway and the Neikun line, Zhuliu line, and Shuiguo
line, are key components of the Southwest Sea Passage. In 2002, Guizhouˇs
density of railways will be the highest in the western region. This
will make Guizhou the
transportation centre in Southwestern China.
Highways ⌒ There are five state highways
which basically form the highway network within the province. Externally,
under the National Trunk Highway System (NTHS), the section of Shanghai-Kunming-Wanding
and the section of Chongqing-Nanning will connect Guizhou
with the seaports in Shanghai
and Beihai. Guixin highway, which is a key section of the Southwest
Sea Passage, has been constructed
recently. Other major highways under construction, which are also key
components of the Southwest Sea Passage, include: Guizhou- Bijie Expressway,
Majiang- Kaili Expressway, Zunyi- Songxihe Expressway, Zhenning- Shuicheng
Expressway, Yuping- Tongren Expressway, Guanling- Xingren Expressway.
Air Transport ⌒ Longdongbao Airport at Guiyang
has more than 30 domestic air routes linking Guizhou to major cities
in China. Direct flights
to Hong Kong are also available.
A new airport, Daxing
Airport at Tongren, is under
construction. Two new airports at Liping and at Xingyi are in the study
stage.
Telecommunications --- Telecommunication
services have made remarkable progress. Till end-Feb 1999, subscribers for mobile
phone services totalled 122,000 and telephone popularization rate was
14% in Guiyang by end-1998.
Hydropower ⌒ Guizhou has a number of thermal-
and hydro-power plants. Together
with Sichuan and Yunnan, Guizhou has helped to establish the Southwest
China power network. The completion of the Longtan Hydroplant will provide
enough electricity for Guizhouˇs industries.
Industries
Industries are mainly located
at Guiyang and Zunji. In 2000, Guizhou's
industrial output totalled Rmb62.1 billion, of which, manufacturing
industries such as tobacco-processing, pharmaceutical, metallurgy, chemical
industry, etc., accounting for 83% of the total.
Guizhou
is strong in tobacco and brewing industry. Maotai wine and Yantai beer are famous at home and abroad. Besides, Guizhou
is also an important base of building material and chemical industries. In coming years, the province will focus
on utilizing its abundant coal and inexpensive electricity to become
the power base of South China. Also, the province will further develop building material industry
like cement, glass and its finish working, sanitary ceramic wares, etc.
Tourism
Guizhou
is a popular tourist destination.
It has 8 state-level scenic spots and 4 state natural reserves
such as Huangguoshu Waterfall which is one of the world-famous waterfalls,
Dragon's Palace, Zhijin Cave,
Hongfeng Lake,
etc. Other provincial-level
scenic spots included Wuyanghe River Scenic Spot and Zhangjiang River
Scenic Spot in Libo County. The latter is one of the few remains of subtropical karst virgin
forest in the world.
In 2000, about 184,000 tourists
(+10.2%) visited the province and generated total revenue of US$61 million
(+10.9%).
Consumer
Market
Retail
sales of consumer goods of the whole province totalled Rmb34.3 billion
in 2000, an increase of 9.5% over 1999.
Among which, Guiyang is the largest consumer centre accounting
for 31% of the total sales. The
second largest centre is Zunyi, accounting for
15%of the total sales.
Major
department stores and shopping centres in Guizhou
include Guizhou Department Store and Guiyang Department Store.
Science and Technology
Guizhou
has been positively implementing the strategies of vitalising Guizhou
with science and education and sustainable development. 474 scientific
and technological projects at provincial level have been implemented.
The number of non-governmental scientific & technological enterprises
reached 997.
Foreign Trade
Guizhou
exports totalled US$480 million in 2000, increased
by 20% over 1999. Major
export products were non-ferrous metal, chemicals, tobacco and raw lacquer. Major export markets were Hong Kong, Japan,
Republic of Korea, the US and Taiwan.
In
2000, the province's imports totalled US$380 million,
rose by 46.2% over 1999. Major import items included raw materials,
machinery and plant equipment.
Major import sources were the US,
Hong Kong,
Australia,
Germany
and India.
Hong
Kong is one of the major
trading partners of Guizhou. In 1998, the province's exports to Hong
Kong totalled US$82.4 million, accounting for 19% of the total. In regard to imports, 15% of the total
province's imports was from Hong Kong, amounting to US$39.2 million.
Foreign Investment
In
2000, the number of foreign-invested projects totalled 55 (+27.9%) with
contracted foreign investment of US$67.4 million (+0.8%). The province's actually used US$25 million (-38.9%) of foreign
capital in the year. Major
sources of investment came from Hong Kong, Canada,
the US, Myamar and Malaysia. Foreign
investments were mainly channeled into the sectors of raw material,
construction, mechanical and electronics, etc.
In
coming years, foreign investors are encouraged to invest in autoparts,
tourism and light industries, particularly in
textiles, food-processing, medicines and health products. Guizhou
is also eager to co-operate with foreign investors in upgrading its
major industrial enterprises, developing hi-tech industries, transforming
its old urban districts, and improving its infrastructure.
To
boost the development of the central and western regions in
China,
the State Council has granted further tax incentives to foreign-invested
enterprises (FIEs) in China. Under the existing policy, FIEs are
entitled to a three-year tax reduction and exemption. The new policy allows foreign-invested enterprises in the central
and western regions to enjoy another three years of preferential tax
rate when the current preferential term expires. The tax rate can be further reduced to
10% when an enterprise is proved to export more than 70% of its annual
output in terms of value.
Economic Indicators of Major Cities (1999)
|
|
Population
|
GDP
|
Retail
Sales
|
|
Cities
|
('000)
|
(Rmb
bn)
|
(Rmb
bn)
|
|
Guiyang
|
3,312
(+1.6%)
|
23.8 (+7.7%)
|
9.0 (+8.2%)
|
|
Zunyi
|
7,098
(+1.3%)
|
22.6 (+4.6%)
|
4.5
(+5.7%)
|
|
Bijie
|
6,674
(+0.0%)
|
12.1 (+9.0%)
|
1.6
(+4.8%)
|
|
Liupanshui
|
2,838
(+1.9%)
|
7.5
(+8.7%)
|
1.6
(+3.5%)
|
|
Tongren
|
3,699
(+1.4%)
|
5.9
(+7.3%)
|
1.5
(+6.1%)
|
|
Anshun
|
2,552
(+1.4%)
|
5.6
(+5.7%)
|
1.9
(+5.7%)
|
Note:
Figures in ( ) represent year-on-year growth
Source:
Statistical Yearbook of Guizhou 2000
Major Economic & Technological
Development Zones (ETDZs)
Guiyang Hi-tech Industrial
Development Zone is the only state-level ETDZ in
Guizhou. The zone mainly develops engineering &
power machinery, micro-electronic and information technology, fine chemicals,
biological engineering electric appliance, and components
for automobile. By end-1998,
the zone has approved 66 enterprises and attracted foreign investment
of US$5 million.
Other
economic development zones in Guizhou
include :
1.
Guiyang Economic
and Technological Development Zone - mainly concentrate on electrical equipment, mechanical, autoparts,
etc.
2.
Zunyi Economic and Technological Development Zone - mainly
engage in automobile manufacture, mechanical and electric industry.
3.
Anshun Economic and Technological Exploitation and Development
Zone - a state-class scenic spot with rapid development of mechanical
and light industry.
4.
Tongjiang Economic Development Zone - mainly engage in processing
of agricultural products.
5.
Baiyun Economic Development Zone - the largest base of aluminum
industry in the Province.
6.
Hongguo Economic Development Zone - a major coal-production
area in Southern China.
7.
Dingxiao Economic Exploitation Zone - a state-class scenic
spot, its fossils represent rich tourism resources.
8.
Shuangshui Industrial Exploitation and Development Zone
9.
Kaili Economic Development Zone - A state class economic zone.
10.
Dalong Economic Development Zone - established on August, 1992.
Economic Indicators
|
|
1999
|
2000
|
|
Economic Indicators
|
Value
|
Growth
|
Value
|
Growth
|
|
|
|
(%, y-o-y)
|
|
(%, y-o-y)
|
|
Area (sq
km)
|
176,167
|
--
|
176,167
|
--
|
|
Population
(mn)
|
37.1
|
1.4
|
35.3 ^
|
-5.0
|
|
Gross Domestic
Product (RMB bn)
|
91.2
|
8.3 *
|
99.3
|
8.7 *
|
|
Per Capita
GDP (RMB)
|
2,475
|
6.5
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|
Disposable
Income Per Capita
|
|
|
|
|
|
- urban (RMB)
|
4,934.0
|
8.1
|
5,122.2
|
3.8
|
|
- rural (RMB)
|
1,363.1
|
2.1
|
1,374.2
|
0.8
|
|
Fixed-assets
Investment (RMB bn)
|
31.2
|
12.0
|
38.0
|
21.8
|
|
Added Value
Output
|
|
|
|
|
|
- primary industry (RMB bn)
|
26.8
|
1.0
|
27.0
|
1.0
|
|
- secondary industry (RMB bn)
|
34.9
|
6.9
|
38.6
|
10.6
|
|
- tertiary industry (RMB bn)
|
29.6
|
17.8
|
33.7
|
14.1
|
|
Retail
Sales (RMB bn)
|
31.4
|
8.2
|
34.3
|
9.5
|
|
Inflation
(Consumer Price Index, %)
|
-0.8
|
|
-0.5
|
|
|
Exports
(US$ bn)
|
0.4
|
-7.0
|
0.5
|
20.0
|
|
- by FIEs (US$ bn)
|
0.04
|
0
|
0.04
|
0
|
|
Imports
(US$ bn)
|
0.3
|
13.0
|
0.4
|
46.2
|
|
- by FIEs (US$ bn)
|
0.01
|
-50.0
|
0.02
|
100.0
|
|
Foreign
Direct Investment
|
|
|
|
|
|
- number of projects
|
43
|
-41.1
|
55
|
27.9
|
|
- contracted amount (US$ bn)
|
0.07
|
-56.3
|
0.07
|
0.8
|
|
- utilized amount (US$ bn)
|
0.04
|
-9.8
|
0.03
|
-38.9
|
Notes: * In Renminbi real terms
^ latest population census. 1999 figure was estimation
based on previous survey.
Sources:
China Statistical Abstract, 2001, CEIC database
UK -China Business Links. All Rights
Reserved.
